演讲嘉宾介绍 (一)
乔治· 罗斯曼(George R. Rossman) 教授 (California Institute of Technology, 加州理工学院)
乔治· 罗斯曼(George R. Rossman)是加州理工学院地质和行星科学部矿物学教授。他获得威斯康星州立大学欧克莱尔分校化学学士和数学学士双学位以及加州理工学院化学博士学位。
他的主要研究兴趣涉及使用光谱学来研究矿物。他的工作涉及矿物中颜色现象的起源问题; 物相识别; 金属离子在矿物中的特殊作用。他和他的学生开发分析方法分析矿物中的氢元素的赋存形式，并研究它们如何改变矿物的物理和化学性质。他还对矿物长期接触低剂量天然背景辐射的影响感到兴趣。
罗斯曼教授也是美国矿物学会(MSA)会士/院士，担任美国宝石学院(GIA)研究咨询委员会成员，洛杉矶县自然历史博物馆和纽约市美国自然历史博物馆矿物科学部的矿物科学客座研究员，同时也是南加州矿物学会的主席。
2001年，他获得美国矿物学会首届Dana奖章，2005年获得奥地利矿物学会弗德里奇-贝克奖章(Friedrich-Becke Medal)。2004年，他获得加州理工学院最负盛名的教学荣誉——理查德·费曼教学卓越奖(Richard P. Feynman Prize)，该奖表彰了"实验室和课堂教学中的卓越能力、创造力和创新"。碧玺家族中rossmanite这个矿物就是以他的名字命名的。他在矿物学和化学领域已经拥有360多份出版物。
George R. Rossman is Professor of Mineralogy in the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. He got his B.S. degree in Chemistry and Mathematics from Wisconsin State University, Eau Claire, and his Ph.D. from Caltech in Chemistry.
His principal research interests deal with the use spectroscopic probes to study minerals. His work addresses problems relating to the origin of color phenomena in minerals; phase identification; and the special role of metal ions in minerals. He and his students develop analytical methods for analysis hydrous components in minerals and examine their role in modifying physical and chemical properties. He is also interested in the long-term effects in minerals from the exposure to background levels of natural radiation.
In addition to teaching at Caltech, Rossman serves on the Research Advisory Committee for the Gemological Institute of America, is a research associate in mineral sciences at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and the Department of Mineral Sciences at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, is a Mineralogical Society of America Fellow, and president of the Mineralogical Society of Southern California.
He was the recipient of the inaugural Dana Medal, of the Mineralogical Society of America in 2001, and the Friedrich-Becke Medal of the Austrian Mineralogical Society in 2005. In 2004, he was the recipient of Caltech's most prestigious teaching honor, The Richard P. Feynman Prize for Excellence in Teaching, which recognizes "exceptional ability, creativity and innovation in both laboratory and classroom instruction." He was also honored by having a new mineral of the tourmaline family, rossmanite, named after him. He has more than 360 publications in the mineralogical and chemical sciences.
